Glass reinforced plastics is a kind of when shipping of 60 time later period makes 20 centuries new-style composite material, have quality light, intensity the characteristic with tall, anti-corrosive, strong plasticity. The course counts development of 10 years, material of glass reinforced plastics already was in medium or small boat a light boat is built on received a large number of application, swim in a light boat of houseboat, high speed and brigade in recent years especially got be used extensively on passenger ship. The article emphasizes shipping of introductory glass reinforced plastics to build vacuum of shaping colophony of new technology —— to guide law. 1, engineering technology introduction
Colophony vacuum guides the law is spread apply to enhance fiber material beforehand on rigid mould, spread vacuum bag next, smoke the vacuum in eliminating a system, a negative pressure is formed in mould antrum, the pressure that uses vacuum generation passes not saturated colophony the pipeline that extends beforehand is inspiratory in fiber layer, yield material of colophony soak fiber, be full of whole pattern finally, solidify hind uncovers vacuum bag data, from inside the mould drawing of patterns gets wants product. Vacuum guides craft is used one is built to close inside bosseyed and rigid mould system, it is a light boat of a kind of new-style large size boat shapes make a technology. This craft appeared 1950 patent record, till 2000 or so ability introduces home, got developing. Because this kind of craft is,introduce from abroad, in name go up to also have a variety of name, if vacuum guides,enter, inject of vacuum perfusion, vacuum. 2, engineering technology principle
Vacuum guides craft is to be based on the home amounted to French hydraulics 1855 the hydraulics that founds on the west is academic, amount to famously namely on the west mensurable: T=2hl ／ (2k(AP)) ; In type: When T guides for colophony, will decide by 4 parameter; H is colophony viscosity, guidance enters resinous viscosity; Z enters length to guide, show colophony is entered makings mouth and give the space between makings mouth; AP is pressure difference, the pressure that points to vacuum bag inside and outside needs a value; K is osmotic, the material of fine pointing to Bo, with filling parameter that infiltrates to colophony. By amount to on the west mensurable and knowable: Vacuum guides craft colophony guides time and colophony guide the person's length and viscosity become direct ratio, what need value and fiber data with the pressure of vacuum bag inside and outside is osmotic into inverse ratio. 3, engineering technology flow
Flow of specific engineering technology is as follows:

The first pace: Start working intends the workMake steel pledge according to shipping molded lines, dimension above all or woodiness mould, the finishing inside the mould must assure to want to have taller hardness and taller burnish, and mould brim withholds 15cm at least, the laid of facilitating sealing strip and pipeline. After undertaking clearing to the mould, material of coating drawing of patterns, can hit candle of drawing of patterns or wipe water of drawing of patterns. The 2nd pace: Apply besmear hull gel coatProduce manufacturing demand according to shipping, in the surface inside the mould Tu Bu contains the gel coat colophony of accelerant ／ initator, can use product gel coat or burnish gel coat, choose a type to have adjacent benzene, benzene and vinyl. Can use a hand to brush the method with spray to undertake construction. The 3rd pace: Shop apply enhances materialAbove all according to hull line model with basic structure, cut into parts respectively make enhance material and framework core ability, pursue according to lay up next and shape craft undertakes laid inside the mould. When spreading apply, must mature the ability that enhances material pledges and the join means influence to colophony velocity of flow. The 4th pace: The vacuum that spread apply complementary materialGood in apply of the shop inside the mould buildup on material, first cloth of the drawing of patterns on the shop, it is diversion cloth then, finally is vacuum bag, use sealing strip to undertake squeezing ramming closes. Before adding up to vacuum bag, want to consider the trend of colophony and vacuumize pipeline carefully. The 5th pace: Smoke except the vacuum inside bagAfter the laid of material of the overfulfil inside the mould, clamp is in charge of strung each colophony guides into the canal, using vavuum pump is vacuumize to whole system, manage to find time the air in the system as far as possible, check integral air-tightness, undertake to flat place local repair. The 6th pace: Allocate colophony proportionAfter the vacuum inside bag achieves particular demand, wait according to the ply of ambient conditions, goods, area that spread apply will press lead plane of etc of agent of colophony, solidify certain proportion to undertake allocating. The colophony fluid that has allocated wants give attention to two or morethings to proper viscosity, right gel time and the solidify that expect a demand are spent. The 7th pace: The mould guides colophonyGuide the colophony that has allocated into force pump, eliminate the bleb inside colophony via sufficient agitate, enter order according to guiding again ordinal open wallet, pass ceaseless adjustment pump guides into pressure executive colophony, achieve the ply that controls aspect of shipping a light boat effectively. The 8th pace: Xi of solidify drawing of patterns is installedGuide in colophony after complete, hull should lay aside period of time to let colophony solidify in the mould, general not under 24 H, in its hardness is more than Bakeer or be equal to 40 rear but drawing of patterns. After drawing of patterns, should adopt necessary step to give prop up, avoid generation to be out of shape. After complete solidify, begin body of a light boat to fold the outfit that reach Xi. 4, analysis of defect of engineering technology actorThe advantage of A, engineering technologyVacuum guides the law serves as boats and ships of a kind of new-style ship of glass reinforced plastics to build shape craft, more traditional and manual paste makes craft have very large dominant position. A1 ship structure intensity gets rising effectivelyVacuum guides craft can spread apply figuration marine at the same time when construction insert of etc of the body of a light boat, reinforcement, structure that place core, raised the integral sex of the product greatly consequently, intensity of shipping whole structure gets very big rise. Below the circumstance of same raw material, the hull appearance that makes with manual paste is compared, colophony vacuum guides craft shapes the physical character of etc of the intensity of hull, stiffness can raise 30 ％ - 50 ％ above, what agree with ship of contemporary glass steel ship quite is large turn development tideWeight of body of A2 shipping a light boat gets be controllinged effectivelyTall, hole leads the content of fiber of shipping of glass reinforced plastics that vacuum guides craft is produced performance of low, product is high, especially of the intensity between the layer rise, the fatigue resistance that increased hull greatly can. In intensity or stiffness requirement same situation falls, use vacuum to guide the ship that builds into the law can reduce structural weight effectively. When using same lay up to design, manualer paste makes craft resin dosage reduces 30 ％ , waste is little, colophony loss rate under 5 ％ . Quality of A3 shipping product gets be controllinged effectivelyVacuum guides into craft manualer paste is made, shipping quality gets an operation personnel impact is little, it is a boat or one batch boat exist no matter high consistency. The capacity that marine enhances fiber dosage to already pressed a regulation before infuse colophony puts person pattern in, colophony comparing is relatively constant also, general for 30 ％ - 45 ％ , the colophony content that manual paste controls hull is 50 ％ commonly - 70 ％ , because this marine uniformity and repeatability compare a hand,paper craft to be close friends more. The marine precision that at the same time this craft produces also excel hand papers shipping, the flatness of hull surface is good, those who reduced burnish and besmear lacquering order is artificial with material. A4 factory produces an environment to get be amelioratived effectivelyVacuum guides craft is a kind of craft that shut a model, the volatile organic matter of the generation in whole construction process and poisonous air contaminant all by bag of vacuum of bureau be confined to in. Be in only vavuum pump exhaust (can filter) allocate with colophony from time to tome the volatile of minim, more traditional handiwork papers the environment of work of type opening open that make, spot construction environment gets be amelioratived greatly, the body and mind that ensured personnel of relevant spot construction effectively is healthy. The defect of B, engineering technologyB1 construction technology is relatively sophisticatedVacuum guides craft papers craft unlike traditional hand, tubal department decorates the lay up figure that needs data of good according to blueprint detailed design fiber, diversion to pursue and make construction circuit, guide canal of the shop apply that enhances material and diversion medium, diversion, vacuum must be finished before the person in colophony the laid of sealed material. Because this is told to small size shipping, its apply work time to exceed a hand to paper craft instead. B2 produces cost relatively on the high sideVacuum guides craft is opposite the osmotic demand of fiber material is higher, use successive felt, one-way cloth more, unit cost is high. Need to use cloth of medium of film of bag of vavuum pump, vacuum, diversion, drawing of patterns and diversion in building construction course at the same time the auxiliary material such as the canal, and it is mostly one-time use, so manufacturing cost papers craft to want than the hand tall. But the product is older, this difference can be jumped over small. B3 craft is put in particular riskWhat vacuum guides craft oneself characteristic decided shipping is built is one-time shape, very tall to the requirement working before colophony guides, must carry out strictly according to what construction craft has move, after beginning colophony to guide the process cannot be gone against turn, once fail in colophony perfusion, whole hull discards as useless easily. At present general dockyard goes to the lavatory for construction and reduce a risk, average company uses body of shipping a light boat and vacuum of framework cent phase to shape.

5, epilogueVacuum guides craft serves as marine of a kind of new-style glass reinforced plastics to shape make a technology, have its a lot of advantages, special building principal dimensions bigger, speek of a ship or plane the shipping aspect with taller, stronger intensity, have the effect that its cannot replace. Guide as vacuum colophony be improved of construction craft ceaselessly and of raw material cost reduce, and the social demand that increases increasingly, shipping of glass reinforced plastics is built can shape to machinery stage by stage craft transfers, colophony vacuum guides law power is sure to get applied extensively in more factories.

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