Because hydrogenous density is very small, permeate easily, metallic liner produces hydrogen fragile. At present the car uses colophony liner with Chu Qing canister, outside biscuit Fu gas tank of the IV of composite material of colophony radical carbon fiber high pressure. To the resin that liner place uses, also want to use the high density resin that can hold back hydrogen to permeate.
Travel of car of motivation of a hydrogen 500 kilometers, need 5 kilograms of hydrogen. Because energy density of hydrogen is small, these 5 kilograms of hydrogen need to be below 700 Bar pressure memory makes an appointment with 200 litres in the capacity or 3-4 inside the cubage of times benzine box.
700 Bar of IV canister, pressure is the mark with Chu Qing canister distributes current car. Main show is in canister of advanced Chu Qing, the colophony of crust bag Fu base the material that carbon fiber composite material and liner choose, and workmanship.
Crust includes Fu material:
What had used crust of Chu Qing canister to wrap Fu at present is, hot solid sex epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material. Among them carbon fiber is multi-purpose the fiber of grade of Dong Li T700. Heat up composite material of solid sex carbon fiber, in use process need is in autoclave or high temperature furnace solidify. Additional, it is difficult that epoxy resin base material reclaims, it does not accord with environmental protection to ask.
Be aimed at afore-mentioned problems, had early with the tradition thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material, the example of canister of production Chu Qing (see figure below) . Additional, bag Fu material still is used outside thermoplastic colophony base material, get together benzene sulfur aether (PPS) with polyformaldehyde (POM) etc.
Liner colophony:
Liner has two crucial demands: Fight hydrogen osmotic (ensure gas won't from the leak in conduit) ; Good mechanical performance (because this gas is OK,below high pressure safety stores) . Crust is epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material, general liner spends polyethylene with high density (HDPE - High-density Polyethylene) . Crust is thermoplastic composite material of colophony radical carbon fiber, liner uses benzene 2 formic acid Ding Erchun ester (PBT) or get together benzene sulfur aether (PPS) .
The tradition is thermoplastic composite material makes Chu Qing jar, as a result of its material itself intensity originallies under heat quality composite material, still be in condition of research and development all the time up to now.
New-style thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material:
High temperature, high-powered 2018 thermoplastic colophony gets together fragrant aether ketone (PAEK) familial enter a plane to create a field. This gets together especially among them ether aether ketone (PEEK) and get together ether ketone ketone (PEKK) what combine with carbon fiber is thermoplastic composite material. This kind new-style thermoplastic function of composite material intensity compares epoxy resin base composite material is tall. It has replaced epoxy resin partly base composite material, production plane basically gets force structural member. The new A320 that empty guest is about to finish, diameter the 4 rice, airframe that grow 8 meters experiment, use entirely get together ether ketone ketone (PEKK) carbon fiber composite material is made.
Abroad is used new-style thermoplastic the report of carbon fiber composite material
1.This year March 17 outside intermediary report is used thermoplastic answer material is made
High-pressured gas tank. The article uses what data without the specification to end from the beginning, show in a piece of picture only used PEEK (see figure below) .
2.The civilian plane that funds in the European Union is integrated in project of research and development, one is used multilayer and thermoplastic answer material creates maximum pressure (1000 Bar) nitrogen canister. This project is finished this year. Two innovation job involves in research and development:
•Multilayer and thermoplastic composite material: APC-2/AS4 carbon fiber increases
Get together ether aether ketone (PEEK) without twist galloon, galloon two sides wraps Fu, ply is 1 or 2 close ear (.001 or.002 inch) thermoplastic colophony gets together ether acyl inferior amine (PEI) .
•Workmanship: Spread silk automatically (AFP) .
Fiber twines (FW) with automatic shop silk (AFP) :
Fiber is twined (FW-Filament Winding) it is composite material a kind of when in making, use old technology. It and automatic shop silk (AFP-Automated Fiber Placement) at first view rises, both is dip dip twines the core model that rotating to go up resinous fiber belt. But they have essential difference truly, cannot be the same as day and language.
Fiber is twined (FW) be use one kind at making high-pressured container (liquefied petroleum gas, compress natural gas) , the composite material technology of conduit of Chu Qing canister, oxygen canister, underwater. It is the process that enhances continuously with roving or monofilament form is twined rotating on core axis. The placement that twines angle and reinforcement is controlled by the machine that designs technically, equipment is relatively simple, without pressurization roller, without squeezing ramming function, rely on fibrous tension squeezing ramming only.
Fiber twines (FW) has 3 kinds to wind way:
Fiber twines (the main problem that FW) exists:
1.The container of base material of macerate epoxy resin is in construction site, adverse to construction site environment.
After 2. twines working procedure, still get the solidify in sending high temperature furnace or autoclave the product. Increased to make cycle already, increased to make cost again.
3. fiber is twined (FW) in lay up, galloon has clearance, jackknife. Special in clearance of globose termination galloon, jackknife very outstanding (see Zun Tu) .
Spread silk automatically (AFP) it is the automation equipment with advanced pilot of a computer. Its module that spread silk can carry outfit 16 or do not have 32 times twist galloon coils (Slit Tape) . The shop puts a head to be able to move along many direction. Without twist galloon is twined (the shop is put) way has been devised beforehand. Method can be controlled strictly. Twine (the shop is put) when heat with laser, bate galloon. 16, 32 galloon can be twined at the same time (the shop is put) . Every galloon deserves to have laser cut knife, the program can be pressed in the job, cut off a few. The galloon that cut off, be in need place to also can continue to send into, broaden galloon. The shop still has pressurization roller in filar module. It is OK squeezing ramming is twined (the shop is put) galloon. Spread silk automatically twine use at making to rotate the spare parts of body, be like plane airframe. The shop is put use at making plane kind spare parts, be like wing envelope.
Cite skill of 787 answer talent, make jar of advanced Chu Qing
Boeing 787 airframe envelope, it is to use beforehand of base material of dip annulus oxygen, carbon fiber is not had twist gauze tape (Slit Tape) , via spreading silk automatically (AFP) twine integral canister. In each lay up, galloon is put by the angle shop that has designed. Galloon and galloon are close together joint, very close to each other is unoccupied place, without jackknife, complete enclothe. The shop of galloon puts a demand, ensure every carbon fiber in the layer can bear the biggest load, also ensured at the same time the join intensity between the layer. The composite material airframe of 787 makes Boeing technology, develop the property of material to acme. Up to now, boeing 787 enter the market 10 old, already on 1000 planes hover in the sky!
Spread silk automatically (AFP) example of production gas tank:
1.Machine of automatic shop silk contains laser to heat the unit that material heads, it is to use colophony radical carbon fiber at present canister of Chu Qing of answer ability production maximum pressure is optimal equipment. Next graphs are development of American NASA and Boeing company combination, diameter 5.5 meters, canister of fluid hydrogen Chu Qing.
2.The unit such as QUANTUM of company of bibcock of production gas tank and Boeing, associated hair “ spreads silk automatically (AFP) twine with fiber (FW) canister of production Chu Qing of mixture craft ” . Among them, globose termination (Dome) with craft of automatic shop silk; Wait for straight canister paragraph twine with fiber.
The basis has a data, with “ altogether of mixture craft ” made canister of 19 129 litres of Chu Qing experiment. The result that reach:
•Newest Chu Qing canister designs all plans that adopted EC79 provision to experiment,
•Bursting test,
•Pressure experiments circularly,
•Quicken stress to rupture experiment,
•Concussion injures an experiment,
•Extreme temperature experiments circularly,
•Of new design build modular software effectively,
•Below extreme temperature circumstance, the laden move between AFP and FW remains a challenge,
•AFP craft is improved in order to offer more the spare parts of high quality,
•The spot is hydric instrument,
•Enrage pressure as hydrogen from 0 to 5000 Psi increase, UTS is reduced about 6% ,
•Updated cost model, show twine with complete fiber (FW) photograph of Chu Qing canister drops than cost 20% . , decrease with composite material dosage 32% (complete fiber is twined (FW) composite material of use 76kg of Chu Qing canister. Canister of Chu Qing of “ of newest “ mixture craft uses 51.68kg composite material) .
Note: EC79 is the regulation that the European Union installs about system of car hydrogen power; Tensile strength of limit of UTS (-Ultimate Tensile Strength) .
Clear process of ” of “ mixture craft is complex, go against large quantities of quantities to produce. At this late hour has not seen QUANTUM company uses “ to mix craft ” to report in what use in batch production.
3.The canister of high-pressured nitrogen memory in the project of civilian machine research and development that the European Union funds. Material is used get together ether aether ketone (PEEK) thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material. Make use automatic shop silk (AFP) craft (in front the 5th page) .
We make what kind of car use Chu Qing jar
•Canister of makings 700 Bar IV Chu Qing;
•Crust is used thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material. Among them, base material tree
Fat is used get together fragrant aether ketone (PAEK) series, carbon fiber measures level with T700;
•Liner uses as identical as crust resin;
•Workmanship uses automatic shop silk (AFP) technology;
•Be in completely thermoplastic on the foundation of canister of composite material IV, research and development does not have canister of the V of liner Chu Qing.
How do we make advanced car use Chu Qing jar
Production car is used with Chu Qing canister what can reclaim is thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material, it is the requirement of environmental protection of world each country. At present although the car uses Chu Qing jar, still use hot solid sex answer material. But before long in the future, must use thermoplastic the car of answer material uses Chu Qing jar. Our country controls coal tub company, here thermoplastic exchange an opportunity with hot solid, begin to develop hot solid sex with its the car uses answer material 700bar Chu Qing canister, not as thermoplastic as direct development still 700bar car uses Chu Qing jar.
Thermoplastic colophony is chosen get together ether aether ketone (PEEK) , fiber chooses carbon fiber of homebred T700 class. The level that answer material brings, consult Dong Li “Toray Cetex®TC1200” . Increase, material resists hydrogen permeates ability. In trial-produce process, form homebred get together belt of composite material of carbon fiber of ether aether ketone and colophony standard.
The target of the design is through optimizing layer plywood structure, make full use of the function of material, improve data fight destroy (leak, blow up) security.
Determine test project, include to compression test, impact resistance, chemistry is exposed and other temperature and pressure loop experiment and set.
The equipment that lays filar machine automatically to choose domestic research and development (automation of Na Hang Xiao Jun, Chinese Academy of Sciences be waited for) .
Housing winds way, draw lessons from Boeing workmanship of 787 airframe cylindrical shell. Globose termination shop is put and wait mainly straight of paragraph of intermediate zone twine.
In process of development of Chu Qing canister, develop automation product line. Automation product line satisfies manufacturing lot not only. Detect even automatically, ensure product quality.
Use at present get together fragrant aether ketone (colophony of PAEK) familial series, insufficient place is the price taller than epoxy resin severalfold. The issue with this high price can pass production of management of profit of elaborate design, seed, batch to reduce cost to alleviate only (completely 8 meters when empty guest passes new A320 long, thermoplastic airframe experiments, the conclusion that reach is, total production cost is equivalent to aluminium alloy airframe) .
The problem of development discussion
1.Globose termination appearance is improved, facilitate automatic shop silk (AFP) , reduce the accumulation with more composite material.
2.Does strength of answer material housing calculate globose termination?
3.In housing strength computation, doesn't only fiber have base material colophony?
4.The quality in production process is controlled. The can without lid after solidify why need not does C scanning examine? Thermoplastic how does answer coffin can without lid examine?
5.On the product that leave factory, what switch, valve, sensor does mark match?
Last word:
The car uses Chu Qing jar will be afterwards industry of cable of civil aircraft, wind, user of composite material of the 3rd big carbon fiber. High temperature, high-powered thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material, production car uses Chu Qing jar, there also is a few unit only in abroad ongoing hair. Right now we enter this project, basically go up at same scratch line with them. Want to share development unit make concerted effort only, what can take out to enter world car market certainly is thermoplastic canister of answer material Chu Qing.
Add: Computation of housing of canister of two pieces of Chu Qing pursues
